System R
From Oracle FAQ
System R is a DBMS built as a research project at IBM San Jose Research (now IBM Almaden Research Centre) in the 1970's. System R introduced the SQL language and showed that a relational system could provide good transaction processing performance.
Eventually System R evolved into SQL/DS that later became DB2.
Oracle released the world's first commercial SQL database in 1979 based on the System R specs.
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